Combination square and protractor.



0. L. KILLION.

(IOMBINATION SQUARE AND PROTBACTOR. APPLICATION mm MAR. I0. 1916.

Patentfi Feb. 5, 1918.

INVENTQR WITNESSES ATTORNEY nannies.

ORAL LEWIS KILLION, 0F FAIRFIELID, IOWA.

COMBINATION SQUARE AND PROTBACTOR.

Application filed March 10,

To all whom it may concern: Q

Be it known that 1, ORAL L. KILLroN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fairfield, in the county of Jefferson and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Squares and Protractors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention appertains to that class of straight edges, wherein, it is desired to embody in a planing instrument an arrangement aifording all the properties of the square miter and protractor combined in one.

It is also sought by the present construction, to provide an instrument capable of use without adjustment or rearrangement, which, may serve as acarpenters square, a try-square, a miter square, for all angles, as a tool for marking double miter, for use with a plumb bob for facilitating the ascertainment of the degrees of pitch, for 1narking any angle of a board close up to the end without waste of material when out, for laying out polygons or for practically any pur pose wherein the user is desirous of obtaining various angles.

Among the many advantages accruing from an instrument constructed in accordance with my invention, may be mentioned the extremely simple manner in which the instrument may be operated, the fact that an angle at any degree may be marked on either side of the work to which the same is adapted for use, that the instrument may be used for marking angles of any degree contained in a straight angle on either edge of a board, out to the end thereof, consequently preventing waste of the material when sawing; finally, eliminating the intricate con struction heretofore adapted for some of the above mentioned purposes and providing a tool which is exceedingly simple in construction and highly eflicient in practical use.

Other improvements and novel details in the construction and arrangement of the various parts of the apparatus will be brought out more in detail in the description to follow, which, for a clear understanding of the invention should be considered in connnection with the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, and wherein is disclosed for the purpose ofillustration convenient Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 5, ltd.

1916. Serial 1%. 83,351.

and satisfactory embodiments of the invention.

In the drawings Figure 1 isa top plan; and V Fig. 2 is a fragmentary end elevation.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, wherein like reference characters denote like or corresponding parts through the several views thereof, 1. represents an elongated straight edge member, having one end thereof beveled as at 2, and havin ex tending therefrom and in alinement t era with, that is with the end 2, a member 3, which member may be disposed at an angle of 45 or to any position such as conditions or preference may dictate, and may be, of course, either integral therewith, or may be a separate piece and secured in some suitable manner. The straight edge 3 has arranged at its lower end an angularly disposed portion 4, which extends into engagement with the elongated straight edge 1 at a point intermediate its ends and at right angles thereto, thereby constituting the usual triangle. Positioned along both faces of the straight edge 1 and parallel with the edges thereof are two right angularly disposed strips 5 and 6. It may be mentioned that these strips 5 and 6, are in exact vertical alinement, the purpose of which will be hereinafter apparent, and are arranged slightly beyond the member i, but in alinement therewith so as to be adjacent the meeting edges or angle of said member 4: and the elongated straight edge 1. As above intimated, this instrument as thus far described may be manufactured in one piece, striking up the strips 5 and 6, or the various con stituent parts may be separate and distinct units which may be then assembled into a single, rigid construction, as described. However, the latter is preferable, due to the commercial possibility offered by this construction.

The various edges afforded by this implement may be graduated for the purposes heretofore described. For instance, the elongated straight edge is provided with, adjacent both edges, a series of figures as at 7 indicating the linear measurements, such as inches. and fractions thereof, while the 45 straight edge is provided with a series of graduations 8 which are similarly inscribed on both sides of the implement withthe point as a center. The graduations 8 perform thefunction of a protractor and in laying out angles on a board, the implement is laid against the edge of the board: and rotated the required distance with the point :0 as a Center to bring the proper one 7 of the graduations 8 into coincidence with to ascertain various measurements and angles. Data 10 and 11 is also inscribed on one surface of the implement as shown 1n the drawing, the purpose of the data being --to enable the user of the implement to obtain the correct angles in laying out the 7 Work.

In practical application, it will be apparent that When the device is adapted for use as a protractor, the square is merely placed upon the work and one of the strips 5 or 6 engaged with the end thereof, and by moving or turning the instrument, the end of the strip serving as a fulcrum point or center, until the edge of the work is brought into alinement with the degree desired, the proper or necessary angle is obtained by the outer end of the elongated straight edge 1. The flanges 5 and 6 also serve as means whereby the instrument may be quickly and accurately applied. It is also to be appreciated that when the device is used as a protractor, and the elongated straight edge has been adjusted to the suitable angle, that at the same time the straight edge 4: will describe an angle of 90 minus the number of degrees on the protractor.

In laying out the angles of a polygon, the

operation may be greatly expedited by referring to the scale giving the length of the sides of the polygon of a predetermined number of sides. It may be mentioned that the straight edge 4 and the outer end of the elongated straight edge 1 constitute an efficient tri-square Whereas the said elongated member serves alone in the capacity of a rule, and finally, that the members 3 and t together with that portion of the member 1 which they embrace affords a 45 triangle.

From the foregoing, it will be obvious to workers in this art, that I have provided an instrument which greatly excels the prior constructions of this character and have combined in a single instrument a device which may be used for the innumerable purposes offered thereby.

It will be understood that the drawings illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention and that minor changes in this particular construction and arrangement of parts may be made in the scope of the appended claim without departing from the nature or principle of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A square comprising a long blade and a short blade perpendicular thereto, a third blade connecting the long and short blades and inclined thereto, a flange on each side of the square at right angles thereto and in alinement with the inner edge of the long blade, the inner vertical edges of the flanges being in coincidence with the intersection of the long and short blades, one or the other of the said flange edges acting as a pivot to revolve the square at the edge of a board, and said third blade having graduations radiating from said intersection, whereby various angles may be laid off.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ORAL LEYVIS KILLION.

Witnesses:

M. KINNAVEY, E. H. Dmrrsmr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0. 

